Saturn

 Introduction

Saturn is the second largest planet in the solar system and its short name is Shani. It is quite similar to Jupiter in size, mass and composition. It is distinguished by its very unique and special systems of rings. These rings give it’s a beautiful appearance with a dazzling system of ice. These rings can be seen clearly only with the help of a telescope. Saturn is over 95 times more massive. It is a gas giant with an average radius of about nine times that of the earth. Saturn is known to have 62 natural satellites or moon of its own. Saturn is visibly flattened at the poles of the fast rotation of the planet on its axis.

History

Saturn is believed to be discovered by Galileo Galilei. In, 1610 an Italian astronomer was the first to gaze at Saturn through a telescope. Then he saw a pair of objects on either side of the planet. There have been the three main phases in this observation and exploration of Saturn. The first era was ancient observation before the invention of modern telescopes. Saturn has been known since prehistoric times. In ancient roman mythology believed that the god Saturn from which the planet take its name was the god of agriculture and they will also considered that the Saturn are the equivalent of the Greek god coronus. In Hindi astrology there are nine astrological objects known as navagrahas.

Composition

 Saturn is non-terrestrial planet in the solar system and its atmosphere is made up of 75% hydrogen and 25% helium in traces of other substances like methane and water ice. It is a gas giant planet with an average radius about nine times that of the earth. Saturn has a hot interior, reaching 11,700 degree Celsius as its core, and it radiates 2.5 times more energy into space than it receives from the sun. Its interior is similar to Jupiter but contrary to Jupiter, Saturn density is lower, making it the least dense planet in the solar system. Combined with its rapid rotation and the Saturn becomes the most oblate planet in our solar system. It is the only planet of the solar system that is less dense about 30% less.

Relation with Solar System

The distance between Saturn to sun is 1.4912 billion km and the average distance is 886 million miles. But the distance between Jupiter to sun is 768.39 million km and the distance between Uranus to sun is 2.9575 billion km. The closest planet of Saturn is Jupiter. Saturn is the most distant of the five planets easily visible to naked eyes and Saturn appears to the naked eye in the night sky as a bright yellow point of light with an apparent magnitude of usually between +1 and 0.

Some more amazing facts

1.   Saturn is also known as the jewel of the solar system.

2.   It has beautiful rings around them.

3.   Saturn is a ball flattened at its pole.

4.   It has only been visited 4 times by spacecraft.

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